Glucocorticoids are powerful medicines that fight inflammation and work with your immune system to treat wide range of health problems.Your body actually makes its own glucocorticoids. These hormones have many jobs, such as controlling how your cells use sugar and fat and curbing inflammation. Sometimes, though, they aren’t enough. That’s when the man-made versions can help. Inflammation is your immune system’s response to an injury or infection. It makes your body produce more white blood cells and chemicals to help you heal. Sometimes, though, that response is too strong and can even be dangerous. Asthma, for example, is inflammation in your airways that can keep you from breathing. If you have an autoimmune disease, your body triggers inflammation by mistake. That means your immune system attacks healthy cells and tissue as if they were viruses or bacteria.

Glucocorticoids keep your body from pumping out so many of the chemicals involved in inflammation. They can also dial back your immune system’s response by changing the way white blood cells work. Glucocorticoids treat many conditions that are caused by inflammation, such as: Asthma, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Allergies, Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Crohn’s disease and other types of inflammatory bowel disease, Eczema and other skin conditions, Multiple sclerosis, Tendinitis, Lupus. Doctors also prescribe glucocorticoids for people who get organ transplants. After the procedure, your immune system sees the new organ as an invader and attacks it. Drugs that turn down your immune system, such as glucocorticoids, can keep your body from rejecting the new organ.

Types of Glucocorticoids

A glucocorticoid is a kind of steroid. The type you need depends on the specific health condition you have. Among the most common ones are:

Cortisone: a shot that can ease inflammation in your joints

Prednisone and dexamethasone: pills that treat allergies, arthritis, asthma, vision problems, and many other conditions

Triamcinolone: a cream that treats skin conditions

Budesonide: a pill for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, autoimmune diseases that affect your digestive tract. Antenatal glucocorticoid therapy accelerates fetal lung maturation and treatment of the preterm infant with glucocorticoids reduces the incidence of chronic lung disease and the baby’s dependence on assisted ventilation. Therefore, perinatal glucocorticoid therapy has led to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality of preterm infants. Despite established beneficial effects, there is increasing evidence that exposure of the offspring to synthetic glucocorticoids during the perinatal period induces long term detrimental effects on growth, the brain, and cardiovascular system. Glucocorticoid therapy in the perinatal period is here to stay. However, current therapy needs refining to maintain benefits but also limit detrimental effects. Detrimental effects of glucocorticoid therapy are partly mediated by increased oxidative stress. We propose combined antioxidant and glucocorticoid therapy may be the safer for the treatment of preterm birth.Ante- and postnatal glucocorticoid therapy reduces morbidity and mortality in the preterm infant, and it is therefore one of the best examples of the successful translation of basic experimental science into human clinical practice. However, accruing evidence derived from human clinical studies and from experimental studies in animal models raise serious concerns about potential long-term adverse effects of treatment on growth and neurological and cardiovascular function in the offspring. This review explores whether combined antioxidant and glucocorticoid therapy may be safer than glucocorticoid therapy alone for the treatment of preterm birth.

Author may submit their manuscripts at : https://www.imedpub.com/submissions/american-pharmacology-pharmacotherapeutics.html

John Mathews

Editorial assistant

American Journal Of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics

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